A Summary of the Key 2025 SOP Changes:
No Foreign Ownership
Under SOP 50 10 8, SBA loans are now off-limits to any business with foreign ownership—regardless of percentage. Businesses cannot have anyone in their capital stack who is not a U.S. citizen or Lawful Permanent Resident. There is no work-around for this; even in instances where foreign entities are invested in the business. Every individual in the ownership structure must be a U.S. citizen, national, naturalized citizen, or lawful permanent resident with a valid Green Card that will not expire throughout the life of the loan (in most cases 10 years). Those with conditional green cards, asylum status, DACA, and other temporary immigration classifications do not qualify. The SBA uses a six-month lookback to examine recent ownership changes.
Small Loan Cap Reduced
The SBA has reduced the maximum loan amount under the 7(a) Small Loan Program from $500,000 to $350,000.
Higher SBSS Score Requirement
The minimum acceptable SBSS score has increased from 155 to 165 for loans to qualify under the 7(a) Small Loan Program. As a result, qualifying for the small loan program will become slightly more challenging. Whether the SBSS score is on the low or high end, the process and documentation for the SBA 7a small loan program will remain the same.
SBA Franchise Directory Reinstated
Effective June 1, 2025, only franchisors and distributors listed in the SBA Franchise Directory are eligible for SBA financing. Any franchisor or distributor who has not signed a new certification by July 31, 2025, will be removed from the Franchise Directory. Under these new changes, lenders can only lend to Franchisors and Distributors approved and contained in the directory. Many brands previously eligible may now be disqualified, but SBA lenders can request franchisors not already approved to apply to be in the directory, and the franchisors can sign up at any time, as long as they meet the SBA’s qualifications.
Real Estate Collateral
If a business owns real estate and has more than 25% equity, the SBA now requires that the property be pledged as collateral. This involves submitting mortgage documentation, appraisals, title evaluations, and potentially industry-specific inspections. While not a major roadblock for most businesses, borrowers should be prepared for a slower process, as closing requires additional new steps.
No Merchant Cash Advance or Factoring Refinancing Allowed
SBA loans can no longer be used to refinance merchant cash advances or factoring agreements. This will negatively impact companies looking to consolidate this type of debt into more traditional debt. Borrowers with MCA or factoring debt must seek alternative financing, because an SBA loan is no longer an option.